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Second life, big impact: why repurposing is hard but essential

Repurposing electric vehicle batteries is a way to reduce our reliance on critical minerals, and stationary battery storage is an ideal solution to avoid waste.

26/09/2024

Creating a product based on repurposing materials is hard but essential to reduce our reliance on critical minerals. We spoke to Anya Bramich, our Head of Marketing, about our work with second life batteries and why it deserves the recognition. 

Even in today’s throwaway society, with overconsumption and excessive production of disposable items, most of us would agree that disposing of something that still had 75% of its life left in it would be an enormous waste.

“So why should electric vehicle batteries be any different?” Anya, says “Every year tens of thousands of EV batteries will be retired from vehicles when their capacity drops to around 75%. Its life in a vehicle may have come to an end however they still hold a significant amount of capacity – one that can be used for other purposes.”

In a recent blog, we discussed the move towards a more circular economy approach which places the emphasis on extending a product’s life before it moves to recycling. And where recycling has a critical role to play in the life cycle of a battery, this is a stage which should come at the very end of the cycle. Putting repurposing before recycling brings about a new level of environmental and economic benefits.

Anya continues: “But repurposing is often the hardest thing to do. Taking a product that has specifically been designed for its first life application and attempting to optimise it for a second application requires innovative thinking and is not without its technical challenges.

“However, approaching resource management differently is a critical component in our approach to climate change and that is exactly why it is so important and why it deserves recognition.”

The challenges with repurposing EV batteries as energy storage

While EV batteries were not originally designed with a second life in mind, through comprehensive testing it has become clear that batteries entering the waste stream could be economically repurposed as stationary storage. This helps to extend their life by up to 100% whilst bringing about huge environmental benefits by decreasing the amount of critical minerals required to manufacture new batteries.

Anya continues: “Giving used EV batteries a second life as energy storage, however, comes with a unique set of challenges extending beyond the technical challenges of creating a product that works for a variety of applications. From sourcing used EV batteries, building relationships with OEM partners to assessing and optimising battery health right through to the development of warranties, finance models and all the wrap-around services that customers have come to expect.”

Building a business model that works for the whole value chain is also a key component in making repurposing work – with the risks and rewards spread appropriately across the whole value chain.

Why Repurposing is Crucial

Despite the challenges, repurposing EV batteries for energy storage will lead to a wide variety of socio-economic and environmental benefits:

  • Environmental: Repurposing and recycling battery materials versus making new batteries reduces the greenhouse gas emission footprint of EVs as well as the impact on land and water resources by cutting demand for mining.
  • Conservation of critical minerals: Lithium-ion batteries contain valuable materials such as lithium, cobalt, and nickel. Repurposing batteries minimises the need for new materials, negating the import of critical minerals and lowering the dependency on foreign supplies.
  • Increasing renewables: Repurposed batteries can provide an answer to the growing demand for battery energy storage systems which are being used to store excess solar or wind energy, helping to balance the grid and reduce reliance on fossil fuels.
  • Cost-effective: Repurposing batteries can benefit consumers and businesses alike by leading to cost-efficiencies for the overall vehicle production by providing added value to a battery.
  • A circular economy: Reusing electric vehicle batteries is an important part of creating a more sustainable and circular economy for the electric vehicle industry.
  • Economic: By adopting a circular economy model for batteries can also bring about economic benefits in this new and emerging industry, supporting the creation of clean technology jobs.

“The potential for second life batteries in stationary storage is immense. It is thought that over 100 million electric vehicle batteries are expected to be retired from a vehicle in the next decade. So, the next time you see an EV driving down the road, remember – that battery could one day light up your office or power your community. Isn't that a second life worth recognition?”

Anya Bramich, Head of Marketing, Connected Energy

Interested in learning more about second life batteries?

Our recent whitepaper explores the technicalities, safety, benefits, and economic potential of repurposing EV batteries for energy storage. Download today to find out more.

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